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Knowledge · Techniques 技法

Twelve techniques of Meiji craft

How the works were made, in the words of the sources. Kanji and romanisation are given only where a source supplies them.

Cloisonné

Wired cloisonné

有線七宝 · yūsen shippō

Enamel laid into cells formed by metal wires fixed to a metal body, then fired and polished. Owari cloisonné is known for silver-wire yūsen work, and Japanese Wikipedia traces the Owari revival to Kaji Tsunekichi in the Tenpō era (1830–44).

Source: [七宝 (技法)] [尾張七宝]

A large and important cloisonné-enamel vase and cover, Namikawa Yasuyuki (Bonhams lot 246, view 1)
Namikawa Yasuyuki, A large and important cloisonné-enamel vase and cover. Example: catalogued as “worked in polychrome enamels and silver wire”. Image © Bonhams, Fine Japanese and Korean Art, 2019-03-20, lot 246 ↗

Cloisonné

Wireless cloisonné

無線七宝 · musen shippō

The wires are removed before the final firing, so the enamels meet without outlines and can blend in soft gradations. Japanese Wikipedia credits Namikawa Sōsuke with the invention in 1879; the English article notes Gottfried Wagener’s part.

Source: [濤川惣助] [Namikawa Sōsuke]

Massive Cloisonné-Enamel Plaque with Carp, Namikawa Sōsuke (Bonhams lot 1003, view 1)
Namikawa Sōsuke, Massive Cloisonné-Enamel Plaque with Carp. Example: catalogued as worked “in standard and musen (‘wireless’) techniques”. Image © Bonhams, Fine Japanese & Korean Art, 2026-09-16, lot 1003 ↗

Cloisonné

Reduced-wire cloisonné

shōsen

Most of the wire is removed, leaving only fine details outlined, a technique associated with Namikawa Sōsuke’s workshop.

Source: [Namikawa Sōsuke]

A fine pair of slender cloisonné-enamel baluster vases, Namikawa Sōsuke (Bonhams lot 209, view 1)
Namikawa Sōsuke, A fine pair of slender cloisonné-enamel baluster vases. Example: catalogued as “worked in musen (wireless) and shosen (partially wireless) technique”. Image © Bonhams, Fine Japanese Art, 2017-11-09, lot 209 ↗

Cloisonné

Raised enamel

盛上七宝 · moriage shippō

Layers of enamel are built up to give a three-dimensional effect, often for flowers. Developed by Kawade Shibatarō and Hattori Tadasaburō.

Source: [Kawade Shibatarō]

An exceptionally fine baluster moriage cloisonné-enamel vase, Hattori Tadasaburō (Bonhams lot 515, view 1)
Hattori Tadasaburō, An exceptionally fine baluster moriage cloisonné-enamel vase. Example: catalogued as a “moriage cloisonné-enamel vase”. Image © Bonhams, Fine Japanese Art, 2018-05-17, lot 515 ↗

Cloisonné

Plique-à-jour

省胎七宝 · shōtai shippō

Enamel is fired in wire cells on a copper body, which is then dissolved with acid while the enamel is protected by lacquer, leaving translucent enamel that lets light through. It came to Japan after Ando Jubei bought a French example at Paris in 1900, which Kawade analysed.

Source: [Kawade Shibatarō] [Plique-à-jour]

A fine cloisonné enamel and partial plique-à-jour square bowl, Ando Cloisonné Company (Bonhams lot 333, view 1)
Ando Cloisonné Company, A fine cloisonné enamel and partial plique-à-jour square bowl. Example: catalogued as “cloisonné enamel and partial plique-à-jour”. Image © Bonhams, Fine Japanese Art, 2012-05-17, lot 333 ↗

Lacquer

Sprinkled-picture lacquer

蒔絵 · maki-e

A lacquer technique, originating in the Heian period, in which designs are made by sprinkling metal or colour powder onto soft lacquer.

Source: [JAANUS: makie 蒔絵]

Lacquer

Lacquer painting on paper

urushi-e

Shibata Zeshin devised a method of painting in lacquer on paper sized with dōsa (alum and animal glue) so that scrolls could be rolled without flaking.

Source: [Shibata Zeshin]

Studio porcelain

High-relief applied decoration

高浮彫 · takaukibori

Modelled birds, animals, crabs and plants applied in very high relief to ceramic vessels: the distinctive feature of Makuzu Kōzan’s early Yokohama work.

Source: [Makuzu Kōzan]

A Magnificent Pair of Stoneware Vases, Makuzu (Miyagawa) Kōzan (Bonhams lot 802, view 1)
Makuzu (Miyagawa) Kōzan, A Magnificent Pair of Stoneware Vases. Example: catalogued as “modeled in very high undercut polychrome relief”. Image © Bonhams, Fine Japanese and Korean Art, including the Alan and Simone Hartman Collection of Japanese Art, 2024-09-18, lot 802 ↗

Satsuma

Gold brocade enamelling

金襴手 · kinrande

Gold added to polychrome overglaze decoration. Japanese Wikipedia describes Kinkōzan making iro-e kinrande in the Satsuma manner and refining it for export as Kyo-Satsuma.

Source: [JAANUS: kinrande 金襴手] [錦光山宗兵衛]

A rare green-ground Satsuma vase, Kinkōzan studio (Bonhams lot 2207, view 1)
Kinkōzan studio, A rare green-ground Satsuma vase. Example: catalogued with “brocade bands … in gilt and silver against a green enamel ground”. Image © Bonhams, Fine Japanese Works of Art, 2014-09-16, lot 2207 ↗

Satsuma

Copperplate-transfer underdrawing

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Yabu Meizan’s designs were engraved on copper plates and printed on paper, and the prints were used to transfer the underdrawing onto each blank before it was painted in enamels and gold. (Neither kanji nor romanisation is given in our sources.)

Source: [Yabu Meizan] [YabuMeizan.com]

Metalwork

Textile inlay (damascene)

布目象嵌 · nunome zōgan

The surface of a hard metal such as iron is incised in several directions to roughen it, and thin sheets of gold or silver are then inlaid. Komai Otojirō’s workshop made it famous abroad as “Komai works”.

Source: [Damascene]

A pair of inlaid iron vases, Komai Company (Kyoto) (Christie's lot 114, view 1)
Komai Company (Kyoto), A pair of inlaid iron vases. Example: catalogued as “inlaid in gold and silver nunomezoga[n] and hirazogan”. Image © Christie's, An Inquiring Mind: American Collecting of Japanese and Korean Art, 2015-04-22, lot 114 ↗

Metalwork

Lost-wax casting

蝋型鋳造 · rōgata chūzō

A casting method in which a wax model is invested in a mould and melted out before metal is poured. Suzuki Chōkichi trained for five years in wax-model casting.

Source: [JAANUS: rougata 蝋型] [鈴木長吉]

Descriptions record our research and opinion as of 20 October 2026. Works are offered as described. Please see our Terms of Sale.

About the examples

Each example above is an object whose auction catalogue names the technique; the quoted words are the house’s. Lacquer painting on paper, sprinkled-picture lacquer, copperplate-transfer underdrawing and lost-wax casting have no example yet, because no lot in our database is catalogued in those terms. We would rather leave a gap than illustrate a technique with an object not documented as using it.